Ground rods are essential components of electrical grounding systems, used to protect people and equipment from electrical hazards and to dissipate lightning strikes. There are two main types of ground rods: copper-bonded ground rods and galvanized ground rods. Copper-bonded ground rods are more commonly used and offer higher conductivity than galvanized ground rods. Both types come in various sizes and lengths, depending on the application and soil conditions. They are typically installed in a hole filled with grounding compound and connected to the grounding system with a clamp or other appropriate connector. Regular inspection and maintenance are required to ensure the integrity of the grounding system over time.